全球十大创意建筑

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本文目录:

• 1、谁能告诉我几个世界著名创意建筑大师

• 2、你有没有见过很奇葩的建筑？长什么样？

• 3、10大国外钢结构建筑

• 4、奇特的建筑

一、谁能告诉我几个世界著名创意建筑大师

世界著名创意建筑大师及其作品：

赫尔辛基火车站，芬兰（1906～1916年）

建筑师：E.沙里宁

辛基火车站是他的浪漫古典主义建筑的代表作，虽有古典之厚重格调，但又高低错落，

方圆相映，因而生动活泼，有纪念性而不呆板，被视为20世纪建筑艺术精品之一。

米拉公寓，西班牙巴塞罗那（1906～1910年）

建筑师：A.高迪

米拉公寓于1906～1910年在西班牙巴塞罗那建成。西班牙著名建筑师A.高迪（Atonio Gaudi，1852—1926年）以浪漫主义的幻想极力使塑性艺术渗透到三度空间的建筑中去，把重点放在造型的艺术表现方面。吸收了伊斯兰建筑的风格，与哥特式建筑的结构特点相结合，采取自然的形式，精心去 探索他独创的塑性建筑楷模。

林肯纪念堂，美国华盛顿（1919～1922年）

建筑师：H.培根

纪念堂吸取了古希腊神庙的传统手法， 四周有36根大理石的多立克式柱子围绕，象征林肯时期美国的36个州。

斯德哥尔摩市政厅，瑞典（1909～1923年）

建筑师：R.奥斯特柏格

市政厅内的几个 大厅装饰华丽而不俗，具有北欧地区的诗情画意，被认为是民族浪漫主义建筑的一个精品。

施罗德住宅，荷兰乌德勒支市（1924年）

建筑师：G.里特维德

这座施罗德住宅是风格派艺术主张在建筑领域的典型表现。

包豪斯校舍，德国（1926年）

建筑师：w.格罗皮乌斯

现了“包豪斯”的设计特点：重视空间设计，强调功能与结构效能，把建筑美学同建筑

的目的性、材料性能、经济性与建造的精美直接联系起来。这座校舍和包豪斯学校的教

学方针与方法均对现代建筑的发展产生过极大的影响。

萨伏伊别墅，法国普瓦西（1928～1930年）

建筑师：勒·柯布西耶

它与欧洲传统住宅大异其趣，表现出20年代建筑运动激烈的革新精神和建筑观念。

巴塞罗那博览会德国馆，西班牙（1929年）

建筑师：密斯·凡·德·罗

展馆对20世纪建筑艺术风格产生了广泛影响。

纽约帝国州大厦，美国（1931年）

建筑师：S.L.H.建筑事务所

高度达381米。它保持高度冠军称号达42年之久。直到今天，它的高度仍排在世界前面。

流水别墅，美国（1935年）

建筑师：F.L.赖特

流水别墅不但是F.L.赖特本人作品中特别卓越的一座，也是20世纪世界建筑园地中罕见的一朵奇葩。

马赛公寓，法国（1946～1952年）

建筑师：勒·柯布西耶

由于现浇混凝土模板拆除后，表面不加任何处理，让粗糙地表现人工操作痕迹的混凝土暴露在外，表现出了一种粗扩、 原始、朴实和敦厚的艺术效果，后来它被带上了“粗野主义”始祖的“桂冠”。

朗香教堂，法国（1950～1953年）

建筑师：勒·柯布西耶

朗香教堂是二次世界大战以后，勒·柯布西耶设计的一件最引人注意的作品，它代表了勒

·柯布西耶创作风格的转变，并对西方“现代建筑”的发展产生了重大的影响。

二、你有没有见过很奇葩的建筑？长什么样？

【Krzywy Domek，索波特，波兰】该建筑的设计灵感来源于波兰著名的插图画家Jan Marcin szancer和儿童文学作家Jan Brzechwa。此外，建筑内部还设有一面颇具意义的“名人墙”。

三、10大国外钢结构建筑

如下：

1. 伦敦千年穹顶。它由著名的Richard Rogers 事务所承担建筑设计，结构设计由Buro Happold完成，是建筑师梦幻与工程师创新的完美结合。整个建筑为穹庐形，12根100米高的钢桅杆直刺云天，张拉着直径365米，周长大于1000米的穹面钢索网。光是钢索网就用了长达43英里的钢缆。室内最高处为50多米，容积约为240万立方米。它的屋面材料表面积10万平方米，仅为1毫米厚的膜状材料，却坚韧无比，据说可承受波音747飞机的重量。同时它有卓越的透光性，可充分利用自然光。设计之初，业主并没有明确规定建筑的外形。建筑师经过悉心的比较论证，决定将繁多的功能归入同一屋顶下，提出了穹顶的方案。他们主张桅杆要尽可能的高，穹顶要尽可能的大，使人在飞机上能一眼看到它。要为伦敦创造新的标志性建筑，并活跃格林威治半岛的天际线。从空中鸟瞰，它如同泰晤士河畔的一颗珍珠。

2. 埃菲尔铁塔（法语：La Tour Eiffel）是一座于1889年建成位于法国巴黎战神广场上的镂空结构铁塔，高300米，天线高24米，总高324米。埃菲尔铁塔得名于设计它的桥梁工程师居斯塔夫•埃菲尔。铁塔设计新颖独特，是世界建筑史上的技术杰作，因而成为法国和巴黎的一个重要景点和突出标志。 铁塔采用交错式结构，由四条与地面成75度角的、粗大的、带有混凝土水泥台基的铁柱支撑着高耸入云的塔身，内设四部水力升降机（现为电梯）。它使用了1500多根巨型预制梁架、150万颗铆钉、12000个钢铁铸件，总重7000吨，由250个工人花了17个月建成，造价为740万金法郎，每隔7年油漆一次，每次用漆52吨。这一庞然大物显示了资本主义初期工业生产的强大威力，与其说是建筑，不如叫做装配更为恰当。在设计、分解、生产零件、组装到修整过程中，总结出一套科学、经济而有效的方法，同时也显示出法国人异想天开式的浪漫情趣、艺术品位、创新魄力和幽默感。

3. 东京电视塔 ，1958年12月建成。于1968年7月对游客开放。塔高333米，占地2118平方米。这座日本最高的独立铁塔超过了法国巴黎的艾菲尔铁塔13米，使用的建筑材料是艾菲尔铁塔的一半，造塔费时不到艾菲尔铁塔施工时间的三分之一，在当时震惊了全世界。东京塔的塔基底有四只坐脚墩支撑，其之间间隔为80米。塔身涂成澄黄和乳白相间的颜色，鲜艳夺目。基底四只撑脚之内建有一座5层大楼，一楼设有商场；二楼为市政展馆，展出实验仪器和科普图片；三楼为休息厅和蜡像馆。在100米高的地方，建有一个二层楼高的展望台；在250米高的地方，也设有一个特别展望台。展望台四边都是落地的大玻璃窗，窗向外倾斜。站在展望台上可俯瞰东京市容，全市景观尽收眼底。 铁塔由四根正方形截面的主柱和与主柱相连的水平杆及斜杆连接而成的自立式铁塔，构件全是用大型型钢（角钢、槽钢）和钢板组成的组合截面。

4. 纽约帝国大厦 ，纽约帝国大厦始建于1930年3月，是当时使用材料最轻的建筑，建成于西方经济危机时期，成为美国经济复苏的象征，如今仍然和自由女神一起成为纽约永远的标志。曾为世界第一高大楼和纽约市的标志性建筑。 是世界七大工程奇迹之一，在世界贸易中心在911事件倒塌后，继续接任纽约第一大楼的头衔，直到自由塔建成。和巴黎的埃菲尔铁塔、东京的电视塔同被誉为世界三大著名建筑。 帝国大厦拥有许多世界之最：在建筑史上创每周修建4层半楼的纪录；每天参加施工的人员高达4000人，全部工作量超过700万工时；共使用6万吨钢、1000万块砖、80万公里长的电缆与电线、192公里长的管道；1600公里长的电话电缆；6500扇窗户；1860阶台阶；安装了73部电梯、电梯速度高达每分钟427米。帝国大厦占地面积为2.66公顷，当时全部造价4100万美元，后来的维修费用累计为6700万美元。

5. 阿拉伯塔酒店，又称迪拜帆船酒店。全世界最豪华的酒店当数阿拉伯联合酋长国境内迪拜的帆船（Burj Al-Arab）酒店，翻译成汉语又称“阿拉伯塔”，又叫做“阿拉伯之星”。它是世界上第一家的7星级酒店。位于中东地区阿拉伯联合酋长国迪拜酋长国的迪拜市。 阿拉伯塔最初的创意是有阿联酋国防部长、迪拜王储阿勒马克图姆提出的，他梦想给迪拜一个悉尼歌剧院、艾菲尔铁塔式的地标。饭店的建设始于1994年，并于1999年12月1日正式开放。建筑的外型如同独桅帆船型(Dhow 阿拉伯式帆船)。饭店顶部有一座直升机机场，在从饭店的另一边延伸，在海上一家透过悬臂支撑的餐厅被叫阿蒙塔哈( 阿拉伯语意思是最高或者极限)。在建筑物内部有一个世界上最高的中庭，其高180米，它以铁弗龙涂料玻璃纤维纺织布围帆船的“两翼”而成。 帆船酒店的工程花了5年的时间，2年半时间在阿拉伯海填出人造岛，2年半时间用在建筑本身，使用了90000吨钢铁，并把250根基建桩柱打在40米深海下。饭店由英国设计师W.S. Atkins设计，外观如同一张鼓满了风的帆，一共有56层、321米高，是全球最高的饭店，比法国艾菲尔铁塔还高上一截。

6. 本明石海峡大桥，世界上目前最长的吊桥，1998年4月5日，正式通车。大桥横跨本州岛与四国岛，落在日本神户市与淡路岛之间，全长3911米，主桥墩跨度1991米。两座主桥墩海拔297米，基础直径80米，水中部分高60米。两条主钢缆每条约4000米，直径1.12米，由290根细钢缆组成，重约5万吨。大桥于1988年5月动工。1998年3月竣工。总长度3911米，世界最长吊桥。世界最强级的阪神淡路大地震也未能将其震撼，可见其卓越的设计与施工水平。它的存在使大阪、神户通往四国地区的交通越来越方便。夜晚，全桥被华丽彩灯环绕，仿佛一串绚烂珠链横跨海湾，由此而得“珍珠桥”的美名。在这通往梦想的大桥周围，开辟了众多观光设施，成为广受欢迎的旅游胜地。 明石海峡大桥首次采用180MP级超高强钢丝，使主缆直径缩小并简化了连接构造，首创悬索桥主缆，这也是第一座用顶推法施工的跨谷斜拉桥，由著名的法国埃菲尔集团公司承建。

7. 金门大桥是世界著名的桥梁之一，是近代桥梁工程的一项奇迹。大桥雄峙于美国加利福尼亚州宽1900多米的金门海峡之上，历时4年和10万多吨钢材，耗资达3550万美元建成，由史特劳斯设计。金门大桥的巨大桥塔高227米，每根钢索重6412公吨，由27000根钢丝绞成。1933年1月始建，1937年5月首次建成通车。

8. 吉隆坡双子塔 双子塔，(Petronas Towers)是马来西亚首都吉隆坡的标志性城市景观之一，是世界上目前最高的双子楼。双塔大厦于1998年完工共88层，高1483英尺(452米)，它是两个独立的塔楼并由裙房相连。独立塔楼外形像两个巨大的玉米，故又名双峰大厦。吉隆坡双子塔是马来西亚石油公司的综合办公大楼，也是游客从云端俯视吉隆坡的好地方。双子塔的设计风格体现了吉隆坡这座城市年轻、中庸、现代化的城市个性，突出了标志性景观设计的独特性理念。

9. 西雅图太空针塔 ，位于西雅图的太空针塔是西雅图的地标之一，太空针塔是为1962年在西雅图举行的世界博览会所设计的，如今已成为西雅图的标志之一。

10. 圣路易斯拱门，就是美国向西开发的一个象征，这座雄伟壮观的不锈钢悬链线的建筑物，高达192米，是1964年动工后仅用两年时间建成的。拱门底部有电梯可以直达顶层。圣路易斯拱门为圣路易斯市的地标， 高630英尺， 比华盛顿纪念碑、自由女神像或是欧洲的比萨斜塔都还要高。

四、奇特的建筑

British Kang fertile Er county

Blow breath the bubbles changes to construct-"Garden of Eden plan" in England

You must once play game of blow the bubbles in childhood.Ignore is up the rubber quality that that kind of is crowded to stick to a thin tube to blow bubbles, still keep being stained with soap water but blowing the bubble bubble of in the blowpipe head, whenever the bubbles become and see there beauty radiant, seven colourful riotous and lovely round balls, who can not move?The brief life span of the bubbles, seem to be how miraculous in the young and small mind with its not foreseeable size, again how evil Huan.When a bubbles with transparent is blown bulge and goes up the sky, the kid's imagination also immediately dances in the wind.

Rich Lei probably is the first wants to enlarge circular bubbles building of person.American architect this 20 centuries, the biggest contribution not is cover what astounding great building, but put forward fascinating theories-"the net line round ball crest".He lays claim to make use of a small component, such as iron piping, plastics tube, even carton, these can assemble Chinese foot dimension in Chengkong University, but so of space, ideal top can the infinite degree enlarge.Thus organization but become of bubble form building, can be treated as the result of "the tension complete constringency".We know under the same capacity, the space surface shelter by round ball form accumulate minimum, and be subjected to of the outside of the inside the pressure be the also the most even.This is exactly why the rich Lei is push to construct respected master for the contemporary high technology of reason.

"Garden of Eden plan" is one of the British millennium planning cases.At the beginning single since the whole scale of plan see, the base area is up to 22 hectares, the building overlay of the area also has wide 2 hectares, the total engineering style matches NT$4,000,000,000 around, the ambition life ambition of this case it is thus clear that one spot.The base is located on secluded Kang fertile Er county, if set out this from London, 1's go back and forth has to arrange for three days at least, route of travel, if the sightseeing crowd of people far and rather expect, so affair can mess.Just who also didn't expect this plan unexpectedly and surprisingly success, at first anticipating can reach to 750,003 view person-times for a year, just open as a result for eight months, visit the person-time has already exceed anticipant of 200%.The transportation obstruct and on the contrary became the most headachy problem.Hence the authorities doesn't stop to outward put words, advise the people had better choose in the little afternoon of person again, in case influence visit quality, and had better buy a ticket in advance, in order to prevent row greatly long dragon wait for.Open building more than a years, scene just, building's ising square has already started carry on a new extension plan.

In fact revealed, "plan in Garden of Eden" is to construct a glasshouse with big plant.The national strength of British Empire 19 centuries comes to an a highest point, after colonizing doctrine enforcement for several years, England searches to pare off spring to flow out the wealth of the sort from the world-wide locations and collected abundant knowledge in the meantime.British excel comprehensive, induce, analyze, sorting, static state of the cultural object can collect and the living plant certainly can also collect.The living creature in the Garden of Eden is the plant which comes from a world-wide locations.The two greatest glasshouses canning see currently, on being a damp and tropical type, one is type in temperate zone Mediterranean.Indoor way for display, completely with creation integrity of ecosystem environment for principal axis, rather than according to categorize to display separately.For example the big waterfalls of the inside special design of the tropical glasshouse, water is blunt next made much water spirit from the eminence, as a result provided an arethusa to climb beneficial environment of attach the tree trunk growth.The ecosystem is live, need more and more professional care, so at any time it is thus clear that technical personnel inside the building wears shuttle in the flower bush glorious Cu.

Activity in the so big space, have already forgotten an own body to be placed in to be wrapped Fu to live, artificial adjust to control out of environment in.This building originally of design really not so.At the beginning the plan case person's history is airtight especially of so favor this base, completely is an environmental protection consciousness to make however.Here originally lately- abandon kaolin mine, dark green of the earth was been malicious by people to dig big hole, bare a not whole gray rock soil in a Gao Di and die form very and miserably.Wise fascinating at ability transform the corruptible into magic.The history is especially airtight to thought of the irregular slope that can make use of a soil mineral pit creates the appearance of natural garden, hence, he please arrive to excel the design that the Grimshaw of the architect Nicholas of handle the irregular base is responsible for this case very.The parties architect of this high technology wins a prize the work"London Waterloo station" in times before, in grow grow bend bend, head big body small base, be with a size different of the list across a steel and link into the large station space of like amoeba sort.Certainly, the Grimshaw faces this time of the challenge be more terrible, in addition to the geography is curving and the geography is also Gao Gao Di.How should this be good?While at the beginning designing, the architect past skill heavy, desire with continuous list across of arc-shaped steel to wrap up hothouse.Just this time, building among them of a feet are to ride astride slope up, rather than flat ground up, the list across of the steel dimensions certanly will rise and fall but change along with the geography.Construct dimensions and shape of module different, will raise building cost, and want to deliver this kind of to the secluded mountainous country, is not an easy matter either.1 designs a method of suitable or not, this be the problem of different people, different views, important BE, be at present situation layer after layer and difficult to cross, design whether have scheme and courage of break the bottleneck?Before wind up a lawsuit soon, the architect changes idea at the time, will in this way and unexpectedly resolve in times before all problem towards changing to the most regular "the net line round ball crest" in response to the irregular steel of gravamen the whole ground, .

The biggest advantage of bubble type is an ability fascinating but completely locate at on any geography and the geography, and the round ball three-dimensional space of bubble type of conduct in response to the dint, can let to across a degree to stretch more unscrupulously.Namely have already created rich Lei but speech of this structure method before century to the half, probably 1000010000 have never thought this point the son unexpectedly will develop such of bubble type building.The architect Grimshaw certainly has no direct doption the short line round ball of the rich Lei, he sticks the round ball of a few different sizes crowded bunchy, let the indoor space be able to have more of long to develop.From long see toward the section, this acrossed unexpectedly as long as 240 degree.Through after architect sensitive faculty re- put together to connect a processing, the round ball of the hundred percent reasonableness building unexpectedly emerges a geezer appearance.

So of the building structure is from a heap of bubble high school come of.In fact lend architect big someone who take the building inspiration from the natural physical phenomenon at, Gao also once for breaking the inflexible rule of square flat surface, at design Ba Han2 that of the rice pull of house, namely in the wake of circle that cell become when mutually jostle bubble space, attempt to create the possibility of a kind of all new space shape.

Another important hero is also the most unimaginable place of this case, be the new material ETFE which lets the building have bubbles quality(ethyltetraflurorethylene, good heavens!This new word incredibly has 24 letter of alphabets).This be the Chong spirit of a kind of thin film type structure, thin film the surface is smooth, fall the dust dirty thing don't easily adhere to, so can separate with the heat preservation hot.Because the spirit film is a 3 F the structure of the separation, can resist weather blazing hot or strict and cold, can anti- ultraviolet ray, according to produce of German company say, this kind of use of translucent gum film time limit can reach to for 40 years!Annoy the module of film light, easy construction, maintain and replace, absolutely good enough to overthrow a modern building to glass of deep dependence.However, don't rejoice too soon, since is a Chong spirit, certainly also cool down of time.For the sake of the outside wall body of the maintenance spirit film function(have to impede wind blows and rain beats down), have to keep its satisfied bulge appearance at any time, hence each spirit films all mount windpipe, use the water pump can add air pressure inside the bag at any time.Conduct and actions doesn't accept heavy, oneself again not heavy outside wall building materials, annoy film of the development should let many buildings in the near future keep form but change substance!

Arrive at people of this place visit is having not enter to the front of the greenhouse, can far and far hope to see a bubble type a building.Light in regard to shape, it was some and also don't construct the shape that should have, but when be apart from more and more near, is more hard to believe that how may the bubbles become a building?I cannot help but wanting to touch to once annoy a film and was like in childhood other people to blow bubbles, I was like a small idiocy the ground made track for seven colourful dazzling bubbleses to run, certainly, the moment which runs into bubbles was a beauty disappeared of a short moment.Construct a body deeply and only what film send forth is beautiful and hallucinogenic, similar easily ground, so the building body keeps off crowd intentionally on the allocation, let it keep the self-contained and sacred image of "can only far view, can't the Xie play".

Come up to say from the essence, plan in Garden of Eden is a design case of botanical garden, the nothing important is special, however story from beginning to end, all be full of symbol meaning and value.This be like many hand up of the ring be not necessarily beautiful, not necessarily worth money, but the story of ring back, also have it the special meaning symbolize, be urge it of invaluable real reason.

Architectural nobility, can't compute just from the art or the technique achievement, the achievement of the in fact more important spirit.

Rotterdam, Holland constructs square piece Dian feet to come

We in common use"square box" described general shape to have no the house of pleasures of life, however talked here of"square box" don't what stuff at all, because it is to hang to sign in air of equilateral cube, and turned 45 degree stereoscopic Capes, make not originally outstanding body, immediately flexible.The creativity of architect doesn't already be highly praised!

The Be located on bay in Rotterdam of gather residence, build in"empress modernism"unrestrained mid 80's in 20 centuries.Because the house shape is novel and interesting, hence people's pet name is "square piece house".From now on, this city again many a new of tourism spot.In order to rounding a view many, the community is simply to open an among those residence to provide a ginseng view to satisfy people's curiosity and conveniently lend this to earn some small change flower a flower for community.

Certainly, this strange house is a cover to live to the person of, and common the in home essential space, like living room, restaurant, bedroom, kitchen, toilet, here every kind is supplied here, even the roof is and the rise 1 three sides adopt bare attic.Each square piece lives into 1 and the per families have exclusive oneself a stairs top and bottom building.Indoor weird because of space shape, so all furnitures follow a house to design in the meantime, the pitiful inhabitant has no choice, have to shine on all of the lists to accept, if unpleasant to look at, can also ascend, change color.The windows all present to tilt to one side a form, so the indoor natural light source seem to be very suddenly, with general window method and ray angle of the open of house entirely different.

Since the professional angle see, these houses are play trick, since waste the space be again not necessarily practical.However why come to this person who lives and watches, all more than common residence community?Person of rational come from logic thinking, but the person's dream, but need creative power, imagination and follow the sequence and advance gradually of experiment, then can complete.This, lie in its people of Dian Fu's stereotype to the house, completion mankind for pursue "impossible".

Our house why always fixed and unchangealbe square piece body?Throw it to the air, turn, can?

Reference:http://qqww.blog.hexun.com/176955_d.html

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