themotherdidint
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一、your mother did ,however
B 根据句意及that day 可知谓语动词用一般过去时。其中的did为强调用法,表示“的确,确实”,后面必须接动词的原形,而且要用在肯定句中。
二、be going to 句型 有人说是现在进行时 我认为是将来时 求高手来帮我解答
表示将来时有两种形式,be going to do 和 will do
要说我将要离开了,可以说I 'm going to leave 或I will leave
它们的区别在于 be going to 有计划 打算的意味而will do 就是单纯的表示将来时
像你说的, be going to 进行时,那也行, 那就要看具体情况了比如你: go shopping 购物的意思是动词短语,
要说我正在购物,I 'm going shipping ,就行了,但这时不加to
希望我解释的你能明白
回答你补充的:what are you going to do ?
这句话就是将来时,你将要干什么去?或你打算干什么去?
be going to 三个单词合起来就是将来时的表式方法
be going to 三个单词合起来就等于will 只不过它们在意义上有点区别罢了,be going to 有打算的意思
这回明白了吧?
三、大学英语精读第三册第五课the day mother cried
The old green typewriter sits in my office now, unrepaired. It is a memento,
but what it recalls for me is not quite what if recalled for Mother. When I'm
having trouble with a story and think about giving up or when I start to feel
sorry for myself and think things should be easier for me, I roll a piece of
paper into that cranky old machine and type, word by painful word, just the way
mother did. What I remember then is not her failure, but her courage, the
courage to go ahead.
四、关于倒装句:Up climbed the boy when his mother came!
倒装句分为全部倒装和部分倒装
14.1 倒装句之全部倒装
全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有:
1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。例如:
Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。
Here isyour letter. 你的信。
2)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。例如:
Out rusheda missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。
Ahead satan old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪。
注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如:
Here he comes. 他来了。
Away they went. 他们走开了。
14.2 倒装句之部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。
1.句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no,not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time决不, in no way, not until…等。例如:
Never haveI seen such a performance. 从未见过如此糟糕的表演。
Nowherewill you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。
Not untilthe child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。
当Not until引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装。注意:如否定词不在句首不倒装。例如:
I havenever seen such a performance.
---never have I seen such a performance.
The motherdidn\'t leave the room until the child fell asleep.
---not until the child fell asleep themother did leave the room.
(一)倒装句的意义
1、适应一定的语法结构的需要,主要是指疑问句句型结构的需要。
e.g. May I come in?
Was the People’s Liberation Armyfounded in 1927?
2、为了强调某一部分,而把这部分放到句首,构成倒装。
e.g. Never have I been late for schoolthis term.
So early did he come to school that noother students came.
(二)倒装的使用情况
1、在 “there be”结构里,there是引导词,主语在be后。
e.g. There is a box on the table.
2、在疑问句中。
e.g. Is she singing in the classroom?
What does your mother do?
3、在here, there等副词开头的某些句子里(要用一般现在时态)。如果主语是人称代词,主语和主要动词的词序不变。(完全倒装)
e.g. There goes the bell.
Here is an apple for you.
There she comes.
4、重复倒装句型,用在以so,nor, neither开头,表示谓语所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句,表示“也一样”、“也这样”;nor, neither用于否定句,表示“同样也不,也不这样”。
e.g. I am watching TV. So is she.
My parents didn’t watch TV last night.Neither (Nor) did I.
5、直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时,主句中的主谓也常直接倒装。(完全倒装)
e.g. “Very well,” said the Frenchstudent.
“Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea,please.” said he.
6、在以never,little, hardly, not only, few, not, seldom等否定副词开头的句子中,采用部分倒装。如不放在句首就不要倒装。
e.g. Little did he say at the meeting.
Never shall I forget the day when Ijoined the Army.
比较:I shall never forget the day when Ijoined the Army.
7、用于以only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子中。
e.g. Only when the war was over in1918 was he able to get happily back to wrk.
Only in this way can we learn Englishwell.
注意:如果only后的词组不是状语,不需倒装。
e.g. Only Wang Lili knows this.
8、为了表达生动,有时把表地点、方位的副词,如 up, down, out, away, in等放在句首,同时把谓语动词放在主语之前。若主语为人称代词,主语和谓语动词的位置不变,只将副词放在句首。(完全倒装)
e.g. Away hurried the boy.
Out rushed the girl.
9、在虚拟结构中,条件从句的谓语含有were, had 和should这三个词是,可省去if,将这些词移至主语之前。
e.g. Had I time (= If I had time), Iwould go and help you.
Were I you (= If I were you), I wouldgo abroad.
Should he come (=If he should come),tell him to ring me up.
10、as引导让步状语从句时要倒装(形容词/ 副词/ 名词/ 动词 + as + 主语 + 谓语)。
e.g. Proud as they are, they areafraid to see me.
Child as he is, he seems to knoweverything.(child前不加冠词)
Hard as he worded, he made littleprogress.
11、用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。
e.g. May you succeed!
Long live the People’s Republic of China!
12、So + 形容词、副词及such 置于句首时要倒装。
So happy did hefeel. Such was me.
倒装是一种语法手段,用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。倒装句有两种:完全倒装和部分倒装。
1. 完全倒装
1) 完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词,而非助动词)。
例如:In came the teacherand the class began. (老师走了进来,然后开始上课。)
2)there引出的完全倒装句:除了最常见的there be句型以外,there还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等,一般都译成"有"的含义,构成完全倒装句。
例如:There appeared to bea man in black in the distance.(远处有个穿黑色衣服的人。)
3) 由地点和时间副词引出的完全倒装句:以地点副词here, there和时间副词now, then 开头,后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, remain, seem, stand等,而主语又是名词时,构成完全倒装句。Up climbed the boy when his mother came.
4)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词且主语是名词时使用完全倒装
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。 Out he rushed.
注意:
1) 在here, there引出的倒装句中,当主语是普通名词时用完全倒装句,但当主语是代词时,就要用部分倒装句。
例:Here comes thepostman!(邮递员终于来了!注意实意谓语动词位于主语之前。)
Here we are.(我们到了。注意系动词位于主语代词之后。)
2) 当主语是代词,谓语是系动词,表语是说明性的词、词组和定语从句时,可以使用完全倒装句,起强调作用。
例:Lucky is he who hasbeen enrolled into a famous university.(他真幸运,被一所名牌大学录取了。)
Typical for China is the crosstalk showwhere a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play.(中国典型的是相声表演,两个喜剧演员通过文字游戏逗乐观众)
2. 部分倒装
1) 部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放到主语前,或把句子的强调成分提前。
Nor did he let the disease stop him fromliving the kind of life he has always dreamt about(疾病没有使他放弃过上梦想中的生活)
2) 以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装。注意下列句子中助动词或情态动词提前、甚至补充助动词的用法:
例:Not until yesterdaydid little John change his mind.(小约翰直到昨天才改变了主意。)
In no country other than Britain, it hadbeen said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.(据说除了英国世界上没有哪个国家能让人在一天中感受到四季变化)
3) 以否定副词开头并加状语放在句首的句子要求部分倒装。这些否定副词有barely, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely…… when, never, no sooner……than, rarely, no more, not nearly, not only等以及only。
Only in the country can you learn the “trueEnglish”.
4)一些如scarcely……when,no sooner ……than, hardly……when引导的主从复合句主句要求使用过去完成式。
注意:在部分倒装句中,只有助动词、情态动词或连系动词to be可以置于主语之前,其它部分都要置于主语之后。
5)此外,一些介词+no+名词的结构中需要用部分倒装,这些结构包括at no time; by no means; by no manner of means; for no reason; in nocase; in/under no circumstances; in no sense; in no way; on no account; on noconsideration; at no point例如Under nocircumstances should you lend Paul any money.
注意:
a) 如果含有从句时,只要求主句倒装: 例:Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made abig mistake.(只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。)
b) 如果上述否定副词出现在强调句型中的前半部分,不用倒装:
例: It was not until he wentabroad that he know the truth of the fact.(直到他出国以后才了解到事实真相。)
c) 如果hardly, scarcely后面接的是any, ever,at all时,意义类似almost no/ not/never(几乎不、从不),则无须倒装。
例:Hardly any peoplehaving been invited went there.(几乎没有什么受到邀请的人去那里了。)
6) 由no matter how,however和how引导的状语从句要求部分倒装,因为形容词或副词通常紧跟在这三个引导词后面,然后才是主语和谓语,形成形式上的部分倒装句:
例:I know nothing aboutthis river, neither how long, how wide nor how deep it is.(我一点也不了解这条河,不知道它有多长,多宽或多深。)
7) 由as引导的部分倒装句:
a) 当as作为比较意义时,即用于as + adj./adv. + as结构中时,如果把第一个as省略掉,就形成部分倒装句。
例:Cautious as the restof her family (was) , she didn't seem willing to give an immediate reply to myquestion.(正如她家里人一样谨慎小心,她似乎不愿意立即回答我的问题。)
She charged the stairs, quick as a rabbit(ran).(她跑上楼去,跑得象兔子那么快!)
b) 当 as引导让步状语时,和although,though一样,当用作“尽管”之义时,可以用于部分倒装句。
Hard as he worked, he did not pass theexam.(虽然他很用功,但他还是没及格)
c) 表示原因时,为了强调起见,也可以倒装。
例:Tired as he was, wedecided not to disturb him.(因为他太累了,我们决定不打扰他。)
d) 等于so时,意义是“也,也是”
例:She worked hard, so/as did her husband. (她工作很努力,她的丈夫工作也很努力。)
3. 其它情况的倒装句
1)so, neither, nor除了构成上述倒装句以外,还可以取代上文出现的名词、形容词甚至整句话,构成完全倒装句或部分倒装句。但这两种倒装的意义不同。
a) 当so表示“也,相同,那样”时,通常表示对前一句肯定句的赞同、一致内容,要求使用完全倒装句: He promised to finish my homework, so did I.
b) so /such ……that句型可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分:
例:So selfish was shethat everyone avoid talking with her.
c)也存在such+be+主语的情况用以强调,例如Suchwas Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements.(阿尔伯特•爱因斯坦是一个有伟大成就的普通人)
d) neither和nor共有4种倒装形式,其含义分别为:
1) 完全倒装时:表示"也不",和上文a)用法正好相反,表示对前一句否定句的赞同或一致内容。
例:You don't know what todo now, neither/ nor do I .(你不知道现在该做什么,我也不知道。)
2) 和其它否定副词连用,表示"也(不)",也要求用完全倒装句:
例:The besieged enemycould not advance, nor / neither retreat could they .(被包围的敌人既不能进,也不能退。)
注意:若把这句话改成:"Thebesieged enemy could neither advance nor retreat.(被包围的敌人既不能进,也不能退。)"就不必倒装。 She neverlaughed, nor did she ever lose her temper.
3) 用在肯定句里,构成一般否定倒装:
例:All that is true, normust we forget it.(那全都是真的,我们可不能忘记。)
4) 部分倒装,有承上启下作用,表示同意和赞同:
例:A: I couldn't doanything for her.(我帮不了她。)
B: Nor you could, but you might have gotsomebody to help her.(你是不能帮她,但你本可以找人帮她的。)
2) 在进行比较的句子里,如果主语不是代词时,可以倒装:
例:America consumes moreenergy than did our country.(美国消耗的能源比我们国家多。)
3)在某些表示祝愿的句型中要求倒装。如May you happy.
4)在文学作品中常出现倒装,有些是由于语法习惯,有些是为了简单的修辞,如Not even one cloud will I bring away(不带走一片云彩).
注:如果only后面的词组不是状语,则不用倒装.
Only Wang Ling knows this .
如果直接引语后注明引语是什么人说的,而且主语是名词时,用倒装结构;主语是代词时,一般不用倒装。" Let' go ," said the man .
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